Fits Bayesian spatio-temporal models and makes predictions on stream networks using the approach by Santos-Fernandez, Edgar, et al. (2022)."Bayesian spatio-temporal models for stream networks". <arXiv:2103.03538>. In these models, spatial dependence is captured using stream distance and flow connectivity, while temporal autocorrelation is modelled using vector autoregression methods.

Import, create and assemble data needed to fit spatial-statistical stream-network models using the 'SSN2' package for 'R'. Streams, observations, and prediction locations are represented as simple features and specific tools provided to define topological relationships between features; calculate the hydrologic distances (with flow-direction preserved) and the spatial additive function used to weight converging stream segments; and export the topological, spatial, and attribute information to an `SSN` (spatial stream network) object, which can be efficiently stored, accessed and analysed in 'R'. A detailed description of methods used to calculate and format the spatial data can be found in Peterson, E.E. and Ver Hoef, J.M., (2014) <doi:10.18637/jss.v056.i02>.

Soft-margin support vector machines (SVMs) are a common class of classification models. The training of SVMs usually requires that the data be available all at once in a single batch, however the Stochastic majorization-minimization (SMM) algorithm framework allows for the training of SVMs on streamed data instead Nguyen, Jones & McLachlan(2018)<doi:10.1007/s42081-018-0001-y>. This package utilizes the SMM framework to provide functions for training SVMs with hinge loss, squared-hinge loss, and logistic loss.

The Simulation-based Sampling Protocol (SSP) is an R package designed to estimate sampling effort in studies of ecological communities. It is based on the concept of pseudo-multivariate standard error (MultSE) (Anderson & Santana-Garcon, 2015, <doi:10.1111/ele.12385>) and the simulation of ecological data. The theoretical background is described in Guerra-Castro et al. (2020, <doi:10.1111/ecog.05284>).